Setting overall program on developing enterprises basing on united principle the whole country, combining to plan of developing each industry and the program has to take efficiency of the whole economy.
Recent years, the development program still carry heavy spontaneous, partial characteristic between central Government which representatives are ministries as well as provinces of local Government. Many provinces develop enterprises according to type of "hundred flowers blossoming together leading to break overall developing plan of the central Government. For example: Status of developing cement plans during 1990's; and developing production of sugar, beer, make-cloth, assembling motor bicycle, steel recently. Status of lacking overall developing plan leads to reduce business efficiency, wasting investment capital and makes the economy meet more difficulties. This sometimes also leads to lose of capital due to wrong investment. Thus, planning overall economic development is the first important solution. It affects other solutions.
Planning overall economic development should focus on
factors:
- Determining key economic sectors and fields that should be developed.
In condition of less developed economy, lack of capital, high unemployment rate and low proportion of skill employees, when determining key economic sectors, beside criteria as basing on country's natural resources such as oil, rich agricultural, aquatic products,... one should also focus on industries which attract huge number of employees and need low investment capital: textile, footwear, handicraft, trade and tourism services, transportation,...
- Industries with high technology or need materials and spare-parts imported from foreign countries should be located in central industrial zones such as: in Ho Chi Minh city - Binh Duong - Dong Nai; economic zone of Ha Noi, Hai Phong or Da Nang. This industries need high technology services, therefore should be located in places where have good infrastructures and only in this area, their demand could be met.
- Industries need only domestic materials such as: producing cement, other construction material, processing agricultural and food products, growing and processing aquatic products,...should be located in places where there are a lot of materials to reduce transportation costs and to link between processing enterprises with producers of raw material.
- Industries engaging in producing consumption goods on the premises should operate with small size and locate in different areas to serve normal demand of the citizen such as processing foods (sausages, meat pie, rice vermicelli, cakes), bricks, tiles, plait goods, retail, small transportation,...
- Focus on strong force of each type of enterprise, for example state enterprises and foreign invested enterprises had high capacity of capital, technology should be located in industries that need high quality of products and high technology. On the contrary, small and medium private enterprises that have advantage of using local material, meet needs on the premises with reasonable quality of products, also create jobs for rural employees should encourage to establish nationwide.